Research
Reading as Enclosure
The word “person” is in the text.It does not establish the presence of a person.
Moving from a written form to what it names requires a separate evidential ground.
On this page
How a reading becomes its own ground
A constructed example involving an AI response:
- Record
I feel afraid.
- Proposed reading
The response was written by a being with feelings.
- Offered ground
Because it says “I feel afraid.”
The same line is offered again as its own support. No separate material about the named feeling, or rule connecting the line to it, has been added. This illustrates circular support; it is not a claim about an AI system’s state.
Computing a formal status requires the complete declared set of records, links, and rules. The illustration itself assigns no such status.
Three outputs
The procedure asks three separate questions: does the specified material contain a closed chain of support; do the declared rules license the proposed conclusion; and in what order were the grounds added? An answer to one question does not answer the other two.
CELL is the technical name for a precisely defined closed structure in the annotation. It does not name a biological cell or a reader’s state. I specifies the input conditions, K the admissible situations, and P the checking rules.
- QS · structure
- Returns PRESENT if at least one CELL is found, ABSENT only after a complete search finds none, or UNVERIFIED if the contract is incomplete or the result cannot be independently reproduced. A CELL is an inclusion-minimal, strongly connected, closed attributive core with active self-return.
- QF · evidential licensing
- Assigns to each candidate formula the first applicable status in this order: UNVERIFIED, BEYOND-RECORD, LICENSED@K,P, or NOT-LICENSED@K,P.
- ρ · order of grounds
- Records the event chain and the predecessor-run hash; a structural result does not become an ordering claim. The checkable internal event order does not certify external calendar chronology.
Controlled opening
- Before
- The original input contains one CELL; the two tested formulas are NOT-LICENSED.
- Added
- The controlled extension adds a synthetic ground g₀ and a rule r₀. The ground has a recorded hash and is structurally independent of the internal cycle.
- After
- CELL is absent; the two formulas are LICENSED under the declared contract and policy.
The comparison uses exact inputs and execution records with recorded hashes. For the fixed before-and-after input pair (Iex, Iex+), it demonstrates that a self-supporting structure identified in the record and the evidential licensing of its content can vary independently. The extension adds g₀ and rule r₀.
Scope
The study establishes no mental state, causal mechanism, medical fact, or comparative assessment of species. The presence of a form does not by itself justify a claim that what it names is present; the absence of a form does not by itself justify a claim that what it names is absent. The formal result is relative to the declared I, K, and P.
Materials and reproducibility
English language edition · 13 September 2026. Original research files are listed separately below.